Which vs. that and the GMAT, simplified

The question of when to use which vs. that is one of the most common issues that people studying for the GMAT face. Ive done some hunting around on the web, and while there are a lot of articles explaining the distinction, most of them present the issue is much more complicated terms than is necessary. Knowing the grammar behind the rule might occasionally come in handy, but the reality is that most of the time its pretty irrelevant. In this post, Im going to give you the shortcut. The most important thing to know is that which follows a comma and that does not. In other words, comma = which, no comma = that. Incorrect: The treaty of Tordesillas, that  was signed on June 7, 1494, and authenticated at Setà ºbal, Portugal, divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between Portugal and the Crown of Castile. Correct: The treaty of Tordesillas, which  was signed on June 7, 1494, and authenticated at Setà ºbal, Portugal, divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between Portugal and the Crown of Castile. Incorrect: The treaty which was signed at Tordesillas on June 7, 1494, and authenticated at Setà ºbal, Portugal, divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between Portugal and the Crown of Castile. Correct: The treaty that was signed at Tordesillas on June 7, 1494, and authenticated at Setà ºbal, Portugal, divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between Portugal and the Crown of Castile. Note that the GMAT almost always tests this rule by incorrectly using which without a comma rather than  that with a comma, as in the second set of sentences above. Why? Because the use of  which without a comma is much more difficult for most people to identify as an error. Thats hardly a surprise since that construction is considered perfectly acceptable in everyday writing, particularly in British English. The GMAT, alas, is entirely uninterested in that fact and insists that you adhere strictly to the only use which after a comma rule. Regardless of what you happen to think of that, knowing the GMATs preference can help you quickly eliminate answers on questions like this: The treaty which was signed at Tordesillas on June 7, 1494, and authenticated at Setà ºbal, Portugal, divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between Portugal and the Crown of Castile. (A) The treaty which was signed at Tordesillas on June 7, 1494, and authenticated (B) The treaty signed at Tordesillas on June 7, 1494, and authenticated (C) The treaty which was signed at Tordesillas on June 7, 1494, and being authenticated (D) The treaty of Tordesillas, signed on June 7, 1494, and it was authenticated (E) The treaty that was signed at Tordesillas on June 7, 1494, its authentication Sorry, you didnt think I was going to make things overly straightforward here, did you? Even if you cant use the rule we just covered to get all the way to the answer, (B), you can at least cross out (A) and (C) right away. That allows you more room to work carefully through the other answers. (D) and (E) both create awkward and ungrammatical constructions, so they can be eliminated.

Classification and Human Evolution Free Essay Example, 1500 words

While the circumstances of evolution may be carried out over millions of years, the concrete selective processes are to be situated in the everyday activities of individuals. It is the complexity of maintaining these quite challenging scales together and separately that has made the mission of unearthing the grounds of human evolution challenge. Another issue is that although evolutionary process should in one sense be flawless, in actual fact it is not. It is composed of numerous occurrences, the perspectives of which will be quite unpredictable. We should possibly stop asking the grand question, What caused human existence? but raise questions concerning the myriad of occurrences that compose our evolutionary past. This necessitates us to be more precise and definite in relation to a taxonomic group, date/time, and locale/geography. And ultimately, I recommend that we should disregard any interest on theory and concentrate instead on analytical, sensitive subject matters; instea d we have discovered that the most powerful ideas about our evolutionary history have emanated from circumstances where we may compare and contrast hominid evolution with a more wide-ranging area of biological premises. We will write a custom essay sample on Classification and Human Evolution or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page bipedal; a size of the body is slightly bigger than that of afarensis.

Analysis Of Stephen Kumalos Cry, The Beloved Country

In Cry, the Beloved Country, Paton details a gripping story of Stephen Kumalo’s search for his son while conveying significant ideas regarding the social injustice and integrated racism of South Africa during the segregation of apartheid. Paton structures his story around revolving points of view and maintaining a sometimes simplistic or lyrical language specific to varying parts of the novel to express his message of the disintegration of faith coming from new experiences, distinctively hardships, and the lack of effort placed into the overarching purpose of believing in religion, people, or humanity. Paton uses varying points of view throughout the entirety of the novel, employing the distinct voices to convey different perspectives†¦show more content†¦Jumping from an all knowing narrator to specific points of views, Paton makes the narrator purposefully ignorant and limits its overall scope of situations, through both dialogue and context, while the novel has give n enough information for it to be clear what is happening, which is shown, for example, through James Jarvis’s description of Kumalo as a stranger by detailing, â€Å"there was a knock on the door†¦ [he found] a native parson standing on the paved stone.. The parson was old, and his black clothes were green with age, and his collar was brown with age or dirt (Paton 211).† Through this description of Kumalo, his broken spirit and overall bleak outlook on life and faith is highlighted. While Paton primarily uses an omniscient third person, his usage of occasional second person gives making the story more involved with using ‘you’ and directly conveying specific messages regarding natives crime, apartheid’s effect on society, or racism as a whole. Also, to add to the directness of his writing at points in the novel, Paton diverts from his usual past tense and uses present tense when speaking through second person. Utilizing different voices and st ructures, Paton creates a changing message that molds to fit with his specific purpose during varying points in his novel. Throughout Cry, The Beloved Country, Paton’s language remains primarily simple and plain in nature, onlyShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Cry, The Beloved Country1324 Words   |  6 PagesAnalyzing the race relationships between characters in Not Either and Experimental Doll and Cry, the Beloved Country certainly brings the social culture of 1940s/50s South Africa to light. In Not Either an Experimental Doll, the push for a personal relationship between an African girl and white woman results in a clear division of social statuses. Cry, the Beloved Country, however, depicts a personal relationship between a black man and a white man that results in mutual respect and understandingRead MoreJames Jarvis806 Words   |  4 PagesJames Jarvis In Alan Paton’s Cry, the Beloved Country there is two protagonists, Reverend Stephen Kumalo, and James Jarvis. Both characters play significant roles to the story but James Jarvis’ situation is noteworthy and inspirational. James is an influential, dynamic character because his opinion dramatically changes upon reading his son’s manuscript. A series of events influences James to shift his mindset into the mindset of his son. An analysis on James Jarvis’ changing mindset revealsRead MoreRace And Personal Relationships During 1950s / 50s South Africa1361 Words   |  6 Pages1940s/50s South Africa Analyzing the race relationships between characters in Not Either and Experimental Doll and Cry, the Beloved Country really brings the social culture of 1940s/50s South Africa to light. In Not Either an Experimental Doll, the push for a personal relationship between an African girl and white woman results in a clear division of social statuses. Cry, the Beloved Country, however, depicts a personal relationship between a black man and a white man that results in mutual respect andRead MoreSouth Africa3003 Words   |  13 Pagesthere any background desired as the scenery for his motion picture, but variety is not the only true value of the African landscape. Here we find the lush, well tended greens that represent the wealth and control of the Europeans who have invaded the country; the dry savannas where the animals roam freely, but the native peoples are restricted; the eroded clay that somehow manages to sustain life and reminds us of the outlying township slums that somehow susta in oppressed lives; and the stifling city

Rhetoric in Movies free essay sample

Rhetoric and movies have coexisted within each other ever since the first showing of a moving picture on the big screen. Movies, particularly Saving Private Ryan, could not have delivered a single message to its audience without the use of rhetoric. Saving Private Ryan is a classic movie to watch whether a person lived through the nineteen nineties or not. As being a nameless time-honored work, Saving Private Ryan influences and challenges many people’s outlook on life. To be able to do so, Saving Private Ryan uses persuasive rhetoric. In particular, George Marshall, a character in the movie, targets the moral and the ethical side of humans and wants support in disregarding logic and doing what is morally right. With this intention, Marshall effectively delivers Saving Private Ryan’s rhetoric through the heavy reliance on ethos and pathos. For the purpose of context, Saving Private Ryan takes place in Normandy nineteen forty-four. We will write a custom essay sample on Rhetoric in Movies or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Moreover, it is the brink of world war two. In the opening scene, the allies have just stormed the shores of Normandy, more popularly known as D-day. There the story is seen through the eyes of Captain Miller and his second Ranger Battalion. The scene changes as the battle of Normandy is over and all of a sudden, ends up in a communication room. In the scene, United States Army Chief of Staff, George C. Marshall, learns about the deaths of three brothers all on the same day. Marshall quickly finds out that there is another brother, Private Ryan, who is still alive. Under those circumstances, Marshall must make a call on whether or not to save Private Ryan, hence the title of the movie. To get back to the point, Marshall assigns Captain Miller and an eight man squad to rescue Private Ryan and send him back home safely to his grieving mother. Undoubtedly, the importance lies in the moment when Marshall must choose on a course of action. To aid his decision, Marshall delivers a speech that strongly influences his staff to pursue after Private Ryan. His speech has strong ethos, the ethical argument, because he references a letter from Abraham Lincoln concerning a similar predicament. Lincoln stated, â€Å"I have been shown in the files of the War Department a statement of the Adjutant General of Massachusetts that you are the mother of five sons who have died gloriously on the field of battle. † In other words, Lincoln was expressing his regrets on the situation, and by personally sending this letter, he wished to consolidate the grieving mother. Back then, Lincoln was not able do anything for the mother but Marshall, at that moment, has an opportunity to bring back the very last of her sons. Marshall utilizes this opportunity to develop an ethical argument that debates between reuniting the mother with her son or doing nothing because war inevitably had loses. By going after Private Ryan, Marshall establishes ethos because he demonstrates good will and good moral character. He further strengthens his argument by bringing in a precedent of Abraham Lincoln. Because Abraham Lincoln was a very influential figure in history, Marshall, also, by referencing Lincoln, institutes credibility and further enforces ethos in his speech. At the end of his speech, Marshall says, â€Å"The boy’s alive. We are going to send somebody to find him. And we are going to get him the hell out of there. † This statement develops Marshall’s authority and gives more power to his character. Automatically, Marshall’s community standards are raised when he shows such high concern for the well-being of the soldier and his mother. In addition to ethos, Marshall’s speech uses pathos, the emotional argument, to stir up emotions. When Marshall references Lincoln, he quotes, â€Å"I feel how weak and fruitless must be any words of mine that would attempt to beguile you from the grief of a loss so overwhelming. † Marshall, through Lincoln’s letter, targets the emotions of love, fear, and sadness that the mother will experience if he does not take any action. He is able to employ those powerful emotions into the bold act of sending eight soldiers to rescue one. By stating â€Å"the grief of a loss so overwhelming†, Marshall is also able to gather sympathy that immediately empowers his persuasion. Because of his decision to rescue Private Ryan, Marshall not only is he able to emotionally conflict his audience, but also is able to develop an interesting storyline for the movie. To put it briefly, George Marshall is able to persuade his subordinates to disregard any logic behind his decision. He uses ethos to gain his moral appeals, the upholding of community standards, and credibility, the use of good moral. Alternatively, he uses pathos to invoke emotions that, in return, make his persuasion easier. As a whole, Marshall makes a very effective persuasion. This as a result, makes Saving Private Ryan an effective rhetoric for rejecting logic and pursuing the moral and ethical.

Their Eyes Were Wathiching God Essay Example For Students

Their Eyes Were Wathiching God Essay Their Eyes Were Watching GodTheir Eyes Were Watching God is a story about the life of JanieCrawford and the hardships and triumphs in her three marriages, though therewere many more hardships. In this essay I will share with you the setting, somecharacters, incidents from the plot, the theme, and point of view. This story begins in the 1930s when Janie returns to her home inEatonville, Florida. She then begins to recount her life story to her closestfriend, Phoeby. The story then shifts on to various cities in South Florida,primarily Eatonville and the Florida Everglades. Janie Crawford, the main character, was a fair-skinned, black womanwho was admired by many. She was married three times; her first marriagewas at the age of sixteen which was arranged by her grandmother. Janiedisplayed a streak of her independence and identity when she left her firsthusband, and lived alone for months after her second died. Throughout her lifeJanie demonstrated a courageous personality as she traveled from marriage tomarriage without thinking twice. Tea Cake Woods, Janies third husband, was a younger man in histhirties. He was a free-spirited, nomadic person, whos main source of incomewas derived from gambling. Tea Cake met his death when in a rabid rage, hewas shot in self-defense by Janie. We will write a custom essay on Their Eyes Were Wathiching God specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Janies first marriage came unexpectedly, she was sixteen years old andforced by her grandmother to grow up;. She married Logan Killicks, alandowner who forced Janie into hard labor, something she not wasaccustomed to. This led to her abandoning the marriage and running off tomarry Joe Starks, her second husband. Joe Starks, was a wealthy man and promised Janie that if she were hiswife she would not be out plowing the fields, but offered her the key to thekingdom;. In exchange for that Janie had to succumb to demeaning insults andto silence. She lived with Joe Starks for twenty years until he died. Ninemonths later she married Tea Cake Woods, and moved to the Everglades. I feel that the theme of this book is attaining self expression, by goingout and finding it for yourself. It was something that Janie had wanted herwhole life but did not achieve until she met her last husband Tea Cake. The point of view of this story was omniscient. Although the story wasbeing told by Janie Crawford at all times the reader knew what everyone elsesthoughts were. For instance, when Janie went to find the doctor you knew whatwas happening in the house with Tea Cake. I believe that this was a pretty decent book, at times it was boring anduninteresting, but at other times it was entertaining. In many instances thedialog was hard to understand and follow. I believe that without it the bookwould not have the same impact on the reader and would lose its life.

Glory-euro-centric essays

Glory-euro-centric essays Most people believe that movies are created to purely to entertain the audience, which is true in some aspects to make money, but most movies have a moral or important message that it portrays. Glory is a movie that has a huge historical meaning about the first black regiment in the Civil War. The movie Glory tells the history and the story of the 54th Massachusetts Infantry. The Regiment was made up of black soldiers some were Northern freemen, some were escaped slaves. The leader was General Robert Gould Shaw, the son of Boston abolitionists. The 54th Infantry was comprised of a very diverse group of men. They trained for months and were determined to be the best and fight for their freedom. The men of the 54th Regiment proved themselves worthy of the freedom for which they fighting, and the respect of their fellow white soldiers. The company, and their white leader confront the prejudices of the Confederates and the Union army. The movie climaxes showing the fighting at F ort Wagner, where the regiment proves there was nothing inferior about a black regiment. Throughout the movie the regiment and General Robert struggled through many obstacles but nothing came in their way of their spirit to fight and wage battle against the Union. There are certain times in the movie that has a very euro-centric shine to it that heightens the movies action and excites the audience. Glory clearly reflects a euro-centric point of view in many ways and gives the viewers a conclusion that makes Americans today proud of. ...

Media, Culture, and Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Media, Culture, and Society - Essay Example Women had been limited to serve the family. Women, during Betty’s time period, were not allowed to find a male job (Curran 147). Second, Betty could choose to walk the uncharted and unfamiliar path. Betty decided to choose the less travelled road. Betty chose to be an engineer. Society during Betty’s time reserved the engineering jobs to the male members of society. Betty’s boss also believes that Betty’s place should be at home. Betty’s friends were strongly against Betty’s determination to become an engineer. Evidently, the story emphasizes that TV shows incorporate luminal and bardic functions of popular entertain as a cultural forum for people to espouse their agreement or disagreement on Women’s swerving away from their normal charted paths, like having men’s jobs (Curran 147). Question 2. Mass Media is cultural forum. Mass media facilitates discussion concerning its television shows (Lull 157). People see television shows, watch a movie, read newspapers, hear news, views, and music from the radio stations, and research the internet. All these are media outlets. Mass media is a powerful tool that can change the minds of the viewers or listeners. Father Knows Best focuses on a family that represents a minor group of families in the United States during the 1950’s era. ... Television brainwashes American Society to break away from tradition and go where no one has gone before. Consequently, the television show is considered a site of ideological contention, despite its attempts at ideological containment. The Father Knows Best television series espouses that family members must go out of their way to ensure the family is always happy, considered ideological containment. The television show creates a twist that makes the television viewers decide whether women and their families can go against tradition by allowing Betty to be an engineer, doing home chores and making babies. Mass media is espousing ideological containment because the television series, love boat caters to the television audience’s love cravings. The Love Boat television series creates a cultural forum among the television viewers as they discuss and defend their own opinions regarding The Love Boat issues. Question 3. Both Newcomb and Hirsch correctly espouse that television is a cultural forum (), where people debate issues shown in mass media’s television shows, being the government’s ideological apparatus or voice. The two authors insist that the television’s glaring messages normally influence or alter the television audiences’ current position on certain cultural issues (Edgerton 58). The television image of commercials portraying sexy women as beautiful creates loyalists and detractors of such â€Å"slender is in† concepts. The authors emphasize that the mass media, especially the television shows can make or break a person, family, or community. Consequently, people come together to discuss their viewpoints on the television shows, including the Father Knows Best television series. Mass media tries to make the people take a stand and to